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Prevalencia, factores de riesgo y desenlaces asociados a la Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional según los criterios IADPSG y NICE en México737
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En México aún no existe consenso de un criterio para el diagnóstico de Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG). El objetivo fue comparar características entre los criterios diagnósticos de DMG de la Asociación Internacional de Diabetes y Grupos de Estudio del Embarazo (IADPSG) y el Instituto Nacional para la Salud y la Excelencia Clínica (NICE) en México. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo y descriptivo en la región Noreste de México. Se evaluó prevalencia, factores de riesgo, desenlaces materno-fetales. La prevalencia de DMG fue del 44,5% por IADPSG y del 37,5% por NICE. El análisis de los factores de riesgo y los resultados tendieron a ser iguales entre los criterios; sin embargo, el uso exclusivo de los criterios IADPSG o NICE limitó el número de pacientes diagnosticadas de DMG, lo que generó un porcentaje de casos mal clasificados. Los criterios IADPSG parecen tener menos limitaciones para identificar pacientes con DMG que NICE debido a las características de la cohorte. Aunque, determinando en paralelo criterios NICE, podría ser complementario para el diagnóstico de DMG en México. Como conclusiones proponemos la valoración de ambos criterios (IADPSG y NICE) para identificar el mayor número de mujeres en riesgo de DMG. La falta de diferencias significativas en los resultados entre los criterios refleja la importancia del tratamiento oportuno para pacientes con DMG, que no se administra en un porcentaje de casos de DMG perdidos cuando solo se utiliza un criterio.
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