English
Burnout Syndrome in Students of the Health Sciences During an Academic Semester146
Barra lateral del artículo
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Introduction. Burnout syndrome (BS) is an inadequate way of facing with chronic stress. It is associated with emotional exhaustion, school dropout, poor academic performance. BS is analyzed through three characteristics: exhaustion, cynicism and academic efficacy. Objective. To determine and compare the frequency of BS characteristic features in health science students, at the beginning and the end of an academic semester. Method. Students who agreed to participate were included and answered a 15-question electronic survey about exhaustion (five questions), cynicism (four questions), and academic efficacy (six questions), applied in week five and sixteen of the semester, in a longitudinal design. Each trait score was averaged, and the results were classified as low, medium, or high. They were compared using paired t tests and symmetry tests. The relation between the scores was analyzed using Spearman's correlation. Results: n=57 students answered both surveys. The scores at the beginning and end of the semester (mean ± standard deviation) were: exhaustion 3.9±1.1 and 3.9±1.2 (p=0.60); cynicism 2.4±1.2 and 2.7±1.2 (p=0.08); and academic efficacy 3.9±0.9 and 3.7±0.9 (p=0.02). Only academic efficacy showed a significant change in the classification category (p<0.01). The three characteristics were significantly correlated (p≤0.01). Limitations. The main limitations were the impossibility of making a comparison between academic programs or semesters, and that less than half of the students who participated in the first survey answered the second. Originality. This article is significant due to its focus on identifying the prevalence of burnout syndrome at the beginning and end of a semester, as well as its comparison of the severity levels of the various characteristic traits of burnout syndrome. Conclusion. Exhaustion and cynicism, were found at high or medium levels in the students, both at the beginning and at the end of the semester, while academic efficacy scores decreased. The results highlight the need of detecting stress levels and developing support strategies for students in the health sciences during the entire academic cycle.
Descargas
Detalles del artículo
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Esta revista se encuentra bajo la licencia de Creative Commons, por tanto, los autores, al postular su artículo, lo adhieren a dicha licencia.El autor puede disponer de su artículo para su archivo en repositorios institucionales o en páginas web personales, con la referencia y agradecimientos a la fuente donde se ha publicado.
Citas
Gutiérrez Aceves GA, Celis López MA, Moreno Jiménez S, Farias Serratos F, Suárez Campos JJ. Síndrome de burnout. Archivos de neurociencia. 2006;(11):305-9.
Martínez Pérez A. El síndrome de Burnout. Evolución conceptual y estado actual de la cuestión. Vivat Academia. 2010;1(112):42–80.
Álvarez Gallego E, Fernández Ríos L. El Síndrome de "Burnout" o el desgaste profesional: revisión de estudios. Revista de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría. 1991;(11):257-65.
Marrau CM. El síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (burnout), en el marco contextualizador del estrés laboral. Fundamentos en Humanidades. 2009;(19):167-77.
Caballero CC, Breso E, González Gutiérrez O. Burnout en estudiantes universitarios. Psicología desde el Caribe. 2015;(32):424-41.
García-Molina C, Satorres-Pérez M, Crespo-Mateos AP, Quesada Rico JA, García-Soriano L, Carrascosa-Gonzalvo S. Prevalencia del síndrome de burnout en profesionales de medicina y enfermería de Atención Primaria en centros de salud acreditados para Formación Sanitaria Especializada de dos áreas de salud de Alicante. Revista clínica Medicina Familiar. 2022;15(1):35–9.
Silvestre R, Da Cruz MS, Carvalho e Silva MJ, Mello THT, Cesco YP, Guerra PH. Metanálise das prevalências da Síndrome de Burnout em discentes de escolas medicas brasileiras. Rev Psicol Divers Saúde. 2021;10(3):522–31.
Suárez-Colorado Y, Caballero-Domínguez C, Palacio-Sañudo J, Abello-Llanos R. Cambios del burnout académico, engagement y la salud mental durante un semestre de estudio. Duazary. 2019;16(1):23.
Rodríguez-Villalobos JM, Benavides EV, Ornelas M, Jurado PJ. El Burnout Académico Percibido en Universitarios; Comparaciones por Género. Formación universitaria. 2019;12(5):23–30.
Bresó Esteve E, Salanova M, Schaufeli W, Nogareda C. Síndrome de estar quemado por el trabajo “Burnout”: Instrumento de medición. Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo; 2007 Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/46687214_Sindrome_de_estar_quemado_por_el_trabajo_Burnout_III_Instrumento_de_medicion . Last updated Jan 01, 2007; cited Oct 26, 2023.
Marenco Escuderos A, Suárez Colorado Y, Palacio Sañudo J. Burnout académico y síntomas relacionados con problemas de salud mental en universitarios colombianos. Psychol. 2017;11(2):45–55.
Marrau CM. El síndrome de Burnout y sus posibles consecuencias en el trabajador docente. Fundamentos en Humanidades. 2004;V(10):53–68.
De Oliva Costa EF, Santos SA, Santos AT, Melo EV, Andrade TM. Burnout Syndrome and associated factors among medical students: a cross-sectional study. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2012;67(6):573-80.
Calcides DAP, Didou RDN, Melo EV, Oliva-Costa EF. Burnout Syndrome in medical internship students and its prevention with Balint Group. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira. 2019;65(11):1362-7.
Chang E, Eddins-Folensbee F, Coverdale J. Survey of the prevalence of burnout, stress, depression, and the use of supports by medical students at one school. Academic Psychiatry. 2012;36(3):177–82.
Amor EM, Baños JE, Sentí M. Prevalencia del síndrome de burnout entre los estudiantes de medicina y su relación con variables demográficas, personales y académicas. Revista de la Fundación Educación Médica. 2020;23(1):25–33.
Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Massie FS, Power DV, Eacker A, Harper W, et al. Burnout and suicidal ideation among U.S. medical students. Annals of internal medicine. 2008;149(5):334–41.
Martínez-García JJ, Canizalez-Román A, León-Sicairos N. Prevalencia de síndrome de burnout en estudiantes de una facultad de medicina. Revista Médica de la UAS. 2021;11(1):37-47.
Ortega ME, Ortiz GR, Martínez AJ. Burnout en estudiantes de pregrado de medicina y su relación con variables de personalidad. Terapia psicológica. 2014;32(3):235–42.