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Análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo del desempeño del sistema micro financiero mexicano: 2005-20151017
Publicado:
may 9, 2022
Palabras clave:
Sustentabilidad financiera, Microfinancieras, ONG, Desempeño, Rentabilidad
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Resumen
El objetivo de esta investigación consiste en analizar la evolución del sistema micro financiero mexicano y su desempeño financiero y social, usando variables cuantitativas y cualitativas. Se recolectó datos de 25 entidades micro financieras, por un período de 11 años, se realizó un análisis descriptivo y correlacional. El principal hallazgo fue que pocas dominan el sector y obtienen retornos atractivos, la mayoría no tienen buen desempeño, principalmente por costos y gastos de operación elevados, morosidad en la recuperación de la cartera, baja retención de la clientela atendida, alta rotación del personal ocupado, fenómenos asociados a una débil eficiencia social. Lo que implica que son entes de baja competitividad, el valor de esta investigación radica en se lograron identificar y aplicar indicadores de desempeño tanto cuantitativos como cualitativos, concluyendo que los altos costos y gastos y la débil eficiencia social dan como resultado una baja rentabilidad en estos entes.
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Bricard Abbadie, H. Y., Saavedra Garcia, M. L., & Vega, T. de J. V. (2022). Análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo del desempeño del sistema micro financiero mexicano: 2005-2015. Revista Del Centro De Investigación De La Universidad La Salle, 15(57), 59–100. https://doi.org/10.26457/recein.v15i57.3048
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Ashta, A. (2009). Microcredit Capital Flows and Interest Rates: An Alternative Explanation. Journal of Economics, 43(3), 681-684. doi: 10.2753/JEI0021- 3624430305
Attuel-Mendès, L. (2012). Is Microcredit a Real Innovation? Recent Developments in Alternative Finance. Empirical Assesments and Economic implications, International Symposia in Economic Theory and Econometrics, (22), 235-245. DOI: 10.1108/S1571-0386 (2012)0000022017
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Abdelkader, B., Hathroubi, B. & Mekki, M. (2014). Microfinance Institutions’Efficieny in the MENA Region: a Bootstrap-DEA approach. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5(6), 179-191.
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Carroll, A. (1979). A Three-Dimensional Conceptual Model of Corporate Performance. Academy of Management Review, 4(4), 497-505.
Conning, J. (1999). Outreach, Sustainability and Leverage in Monitored and Peer-Monitored Lending. Journal of Development Economics, 60(1), 51-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3878(99)00036-X
Copestake, J., Bhalotra, S. & Johnson, S. (2001). Assessing the impact of microcredit: A Zambian case study. Journal of Development Studies, 37(4), 81-100. DOI:10.1080/00220380412331322051
Cotler, P. y López Rodríguez, P. (2013). Las Microfinanzas en México, Instrumento de Desarrollo e Inclusión Financiera. Ciudad de México: IMEF, Fundación de Investigación.
Cull, R., Demirguc-Kunt, A. & Morduch, J. (2007). Financial Performance and Outreach: A Global Analysis of Leading MicroBanks. The Economic Journal, (117), 107-133. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2007.02017.x
Cull, R., Demirguc-Kunt, A. & Morduch, J. (2009a). Does regulatory supervision curtail microfinance probability and outreach? World Development, 39(6), 949-965. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2009.10.016
Cull, R., Demirguc-Kunt, A. y Morduch, J. (2009b). Microfinance meets the market. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 23(1), 167-192. DOI: 10.1257/jep.23.1.167
Donaldson, T. y Preston, E. (1995). The Stakeholder Theory of the Corporation: Concepts, Evidence, and Implications. Academy of Management Review, 20(1), 65-91.
Duvendack, M., Palmer-Jones, R., Copestake, J., Hooper, L., Loke, Y. & Rao, N. (2011). What is the evidence of the impact of microfinance on the well-being of poor people? London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit Institute of Education, University of London.
Economist Intelligence Unit (2014). Microscopio Global 2014: Análisis del entorno para la inclusión financiera. New York: FOMIN/BID, CAF, ACCION and Citi, EIU.
Evan, W. y Freeman, R. (1988). A Stakeholder Theory of the Corporation: Kantian Capitalism en T. Beauchamp y N. Bowie (ed.). Ethical Theory Business, pp. 75-98. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Freeman, R. y Phillips, R. (2002). Stakeholder Theory: A Libertarian Defence., Business Ethics Quarterly, 12 (3), 331-349.
García, C. y Olivié, I. (2003). Alcance versus desempeño financiero en los programas de microfinanzas: apuntes teóricos y algunos ejemplos. Revista de Economía Mundial, (9), 129-152.
Gutierrez-Goiria, J. y Goitisolo, B. (2011). Profitability and Social Performance of Microfinance Institutions: Empirical Evidence of Relations between Different Types of Variables. Revista de Economía Mundial, (27), 189-214.
Gutierrez-Goiria, J., San-José, L. & Retolaza, J.L. (2016). Social Efficiency in Microfinance Institutions. Identifying how to improve it. Journal of International Development, 29(2), 1-22. DOI: 10.1002/jid.3239
Gutierrez-Nieto B., Serrano C. & Molinero, M. (2009). Social efficiency in microfinance institutions. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 60(1), 104-119. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602527
Hartarska, V. (2005). Gobernance and performance of microfinance institutions in Central and Eastern Europe and the newly independent states. World Development, 33(10), 1627- 1643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.06.001
Hastings, H. (2015). Global Microfinance Leaders Launch Initiatives to Prevent Over-Indebtedness and Translate Client Protection Principles into a Model Legal Framework, Responsible Inclusive Finance and Customer Empowerment, UMM Thematic Paper, by the e-MFP University Meets Microfinance Action Group, 14th University Meets Microfinance Workshop, Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, September 2015.
Hidalgo, N., Altamirano R., Zapata, E. y Martínez, B. (2005). Impacto económico de las microfinanzas dirigidas a mujeres en el Estado de Veracruz, México. Agrociencia (39), 351-359.
Hudon, M. (2008). Norms and values of the various microfinance institutions. International Journal of Social Economics, 35(1), 35-48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03068290810843828
Hulme, D. (2000). Impact assessment methodologies for microfinance: Theory, experience and better practice. World Development, 28(1), 79–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(99)00119-9
Kalira, T. & Rhyne, E. (2014). Customer-Centricity for Financial Inclusion. Wasghinton: CGAP, BRIEF 90 951. https://www.cgap.org/sites/default/files/Brief-Customer-Centricity-for-Financial-Inclusion-Jun-2014.pdf
Kaplan, R. y Norton, D. (1996). El cuadro de mando Integral. Barcelona: Gestión 2000, Grupo Planeta.
Karim, M. & Osada, M. (1998). Dropping out: An emerging factor in the success of microcredit-based poverty alleviation programs. The Development Economic, 36(3), 257-288. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1049.1998.tb00219.x
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