Justicia en el acceso a la tecnología emergente: la terapia génica desde Latinoamérica

Resumen

La tecnología en salud avanza rápidamente en la búsqueda por mejorar la condición humana. No obstante, la innovación tecnológica implica cuestiones técnicas, metodológicas, legales, éticas y morales que varían según el contexto sociocultural. Así, reconocemos un problema determinado geográficamente, el acceso justo a la tecnología emergente, que apremia a Latinoamérica. Se toma como ejemplo la terapia génica para reconocer, a partir de una revisión bibliográfica, por qué los investigadores están a favor, en medio o en contra del avance tecnológico en genética y del uso de la terapia génica en seres humanos. Concluimos que la justicia social debe ir más allá de la simple distribución de bienes, materiales y recursos. Por ello, enfatizamos la necesidad de un enfoque transdisciplinario que acompañe el avance tecnológico desde el punto de vista jurídico y filosófico, y proponemos el valor bioético de la solidaridad como pilar para la toma de decisiones futuras.

Abstract

Health technology is advancing rapidly in the pursuit of improving the human condition, but technological innovation involves technical, methodological, legal, ethical, and moral issues that vary depending on the socio-cultural context. Thus, we recognize a geographically determined problem, the fair access to emerging technology pressing in Latin America. Gene therapy is taken as an example to recognize, from a literature review, why academics favor or oppose the technological advance in genetics and the use of gene therapy in human beings. Finally, we conclude that social justice must go beyond the simple distribution of goods, materials, and resources. That is why we emphasize the need for a transdisciplinary approach that accompanies technological progress from the legal and philosophical point of view and propose the bioethical value of solidarity as the basement for future decision-making.

Palabras claves

Justicia, tecnologías emergentes, salud, genética, Latinoamérica.

Keywords

Justice, emerging technologies, health, genetics, Latin America.

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